Indonesia is known for its rich cultural heritage, and one of its unique traditions is Barong Ider Bumi from Kemiren Village, Banyuwangi, East Java. This tradition is not merely a cultural performance, but a sacred ritual believed to maintain the balance between nature and human life.
Amid modernization, Barong Ider Bumi continues to thrive and is increasingly recognized as an important part of the cultural identity of the Osing community.
What Is Barong Ider Bumi?
Barong Ider Bumi is a traditional ritual in which a barong (a mythical creature figure) is paraded around the village. The word “ider” means to go around, while “bumi” refers to land or village area.
This tradition is performed as a spiritual effort to:
- Ward off misfortune (negative energy)
- Drive away diseases or outbreaks
- Pray for safety and blessings
The ritual is held on the second day after Eid al-Fitr, making it an important part of the post-Ramadan celebration.
Historical Background of the Tradition
The history of Barong Ider Bumi is closely linked to the Osing community’s belief in natural and spiritual forces. According to oral tradition, Kemiren Village was once struck by a mysterious disease that caused many residents to fall ill.
In response, village elders performed a ritual by parading the barong around the village. After the ritual, the outbreak gradually disappeared. Since then, the tradition has been preserved as a form of spiritual protection.
This tradition reflects how ancient communities combined belief, prayer, and togetherness to face disasters.
The Symbolic Meaning of Barong
In this tradition, the barong is not just a mask or performance prop, but a powerful symbol with deep meaning:
- Village Protector: Believed to guard the community from evil spirits
- Balance of Nature: Represents harmony between humans, nature, and the spiritual world
- Positive Energy: Symbolizes good forces that defeat negative energies
Complete Procession of Barong Ider Bumi
This tradition consists of several structured stages that reflect strong cultural and spiritual values:
1. Opening Ritual
Before the procession begins, the community gathers with traditional leaders to perform a collective prayer. This aims to ensure safety, smooth execution, and blessings throughout the event.
2. Preparation of the Barong and Offerings
The barong is carefully prepared, including a ritual cleansing or purification process. Villagers also prepare offerings as a form of respect and gratitude, such as:
- Tumpeng (cone-shaped rice dish)
- Agricultural produce
- Traditional Osing foods
3. Village Procession
The barong is then paraded around Kemiren Village along a route that has been preserved for generations and is considered sacred.
During the procession:
- Traditional music accompanies the parade
- Villagers walk together behind the barong
- People of all ages, from children to adults, participate and enliven the atmosphere
4. Mepe Kasur Tradition (Mattress Drying Ritual)
On the same day, the community also performs the mepe kasur tradition, which involves drying mattresses in front of their homes. These distinctive red-and-black mattresses symbolize the cleansing of negative influences and bad energy.
5. Closing and Communal Prayer
After the procession, the community gathers once again to pray together. These prayers express hope for safety, prosperity, and protection from disasters.
Social and Cultural Values
Barong Ider Bumi is not only a spiritual ritual but also carries strong social values:
1. Mutual Cooperation
All villagers work together in preparing the event, from children to elders.
2. Togetherness
The tradition strengthens social bonds as everyone actively participates.
3. Preservation of Local Identity
Barong Ider Bumi serves as a cultural identity of the Osing community, distinguishing them from other regions.
4. Cultural Education
Younger generations learn about their heritage through direct involvement.
Barong Ider Bumi in the Modern Era
In modern times, Barong Ider Bumi has evolved without losing its original meaning.
Some developments include:
- Becoming part of Banyuwangi’s cultural tourism calendar
- Attracting domestic and international visitors
- Receiving support from the local government as a cultural heritage
Despite these changes, the community continues to preserve the sacred essence of the tradition. Visitors are expected to respect local customs and rules.
Tips for Watching Barong Ider Bumi
If you plan to witness this tradition, here are some helpful tips:
- Arrive early to secure a good viewing spot
- Wear modest and respectful clothing
- Follow local customs and do not disrupt the ritual
- Be respectful when taking photos
FAQ
What is the main purpose of Barong Ider Bumi?
The tradition is performed to ward off misfortune, cleanse negative energy, and pray for the safety, prosperity, and well-being of the community.
When is the tradition held?
Barong Ider Bumi is traditionally held on the second day after Eid al-Fitr as part of the annual cultural and spiritual celebrations in Kemiren Village.
Where does it take place?
The tradition takes place in Kemiren Village, Glagah District, Banyuwangi, East Java, which is known as the cultural center of the Osing community.
Who participates in the tradition?
The entire village community takes part in the event, and visitors and tourists are welcome to observe and learn about the tradition respectfully.
Is Barong Ider Bumi just a performance?
No. Although it includes a public procession, Barong Ider Bumi is a sacred ritual that carries deep spiritual, cultural, and communal significance.
What is the mepe kasur tradition?
Mepe kasur is the practice of drying the community’s distinctive red-and-black mattresses in the sun as a symbolic act of cleansing and removing negative influences.
Is this tradition still relevant today?
Yes. Barong Ider Bumi remains an important cultural heritage tradition that strengthens community bonds, preserves local identity, and attracts cultural interest from visitors.
What makes Barong Ider Bumi unique?
Its combination of spiritual rituals, Osing cultural heritage, and active participation from the entire community makes Barong Ider Bumi a unique and living tradition that continues to thrive today.